Abstract

Diaphania glauculalis (Guenée) is a defoliating pest of the Laran tree, Anthocephalus chinensis (Lamk.) Rich. ex Walp., which is an important tree species for reforestation efforts in tropical and subtropical regions. Currently, little information is available about the calling behavior and pheromone production of D. glauculalis females, but such information is important in developing pheromone-based monitoring systems for the pest. Thus, female calling behavior and its correlation with pheromone production was studied using electroantennogram (EAG) technology, qualitative analysis of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and Y-tube olfactometer assays. Calling females release a sex pheromone from a gland located on the dorsal membrane between the eighth and ninth abdominal segments, as observed with a stereomicroscope. Peak calling behavior occurred with females 3 d after emergence and 6 h into the scotophase. Pheromone release typically increased with the female age and scotophase and then decreased gradually. GC-MS analysis showed that the amount of pheromone in extracts from the pheromone glands were greatest at the onset of the calling behavior and decreased thereafter. Y-tube olfactometer assays confirmed that pheromone gland extracts at 6 h into the scotophase elicited stronger attractiveness in comparison to 5, 7, and 8 h after emergence.

Abstract

The tomatillo, Physalis ixocarpa Brotero, is an important vegetable in central Mexico but production is limited by the psyllid pest Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera: Trizoidae). This study was undertaken in 2016 to generate maps of the spatial distribution of B. cockerelli in the municipalities of Luvianos, Jocotitlán, and Ixtlahuaca in the State of Mexico to support implementation of integrated pest management strategies to improve tomatillo production. Geostatistical analysis was performed to estimate the experimental semivariogram and fitted to a theoretical model with the program Variowin 2.2. All generated models were validated. It was determined that for the three municipalities evaluated, 29 semivariograms were the adjusted spherical model, four were the Gaussian model, and three were the exponential model. Aggregation maps of the pest were evaluated in all plots, and areas were identified with the highest incidence of the pest, thus allowing initiation of control measures at selected sites while decreasing environmental impact and improving cost effectiveness.

Abstract

Several insect species are mass produced for animal feeds, fish bait, or human consumption. The yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is one of the more-popular insects considered for this use. To make T. molitor competitive with more-traditional protein sources, mass production must be optimized. Herein, we review the scientific literature on the range and optimal environmental, physical, and dietary conditions for the rearing T. molitor. Our review identified that: (a) the optimum temperature for T. molitor growth is 25–28°C; (b) T. molitor larval growth rate is greatest at ≥70% relative humidity (RH) with an optimum range between 60–75% RH, and; (c) optimal growth is achieved with diets containing 5–10% yeast, 80–85% carbohydrate, and the addition of B-complexvitamins.

Maize, Zea mays L., is the most important agricultural crop in Mexico. In 2016, 8,368,615 ha was planted in maize, with 684,462 ha planted in the state of Chiapas (Servicio de Información Agroalimentaria y Pesquera, 2017, accessed 13 December 2017, www.siap.gob.mx). Maize production in Mexico is affected by a number of lepidopteran pests, including Helicoverpa spp., Diatrea saccharalis (Borer), and Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), commonly known as the fall armyworm. This noctuid is considered the most important pest of maize in Mexico, causing the crop losses in very severe infestations

Relationship Between Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Population Density and Three of Its Natural Enemies in Commercial Lemon Orchards in Mexico¹

Saúl Pardo-Melgarejo,

Filemón Morales-Hernández,

Jaime González-Cabrera,

Mario A. Miranda-Salcedo,

Juan Carlos Álvarez-Hernández,

J. Concepción Rodríguez-Maciel,

Alejandra Mondragón-Flores,

Bismarck Aguilar-Garzón, and

Karen Vianey Díaz Arias

Female Diaphania glauculalis (Guenée) Calling Behavior Diel Rhythm and Temporal Change in Pheromone Production

Abstract

Spatial Distribution of Eggs of Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Trizoidae) in Tomatillo Using Geostatistical Techniques

Abstract

A Review of the Scientific Literature for Optimal Conditions for Mass Rearing Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Abstract

Evidence of Male Pheromone in Conogethes punctiferalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Abstract

Gene Expression Profiles of Odorant Binding Proteins in Glossina brevipalpis (Diptera: Glossinidae)

Abstract

Plant Resistance in Sorghums to the Sugarcane Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Abstract

Natural and Augmented Parasitism of Tamarixia radiata (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in Urban Areas of Western Mexico

Abstract

Sensitivity of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and the Generalist Predator Orius albidipennis (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) to Vapors of Essential Oils

Abstract

Mitogenome of the Monotypic Genus Rhaetus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Lucanidae)

Abstract

Impact of Selected Chemical and Botanical Insecticides on Trissolcus grandis (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), a Parasitoid of Eurygaster integriceps (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae)

Abstract

Body Size and the Righting Response: A Cost of Reproductive Success in Nauphoeta cinerea (Blattodea: Blaberidae)?

Abstract

Analysis of Potential Molecular Targets in Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Inoculated with Beauveria bassiana (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes)

Abstract

Toxicity and Sublethal Effects of Selected Insecticides on Life Parameters of Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a Parasitoid of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Abstract

Relationships Between Inflorescences and Pollinators and Their Effects on Bunch Components in Elaeis guineensis, in Colombia

Abstract

New Records of Eiphosoma sp. and Pristomerus vulnerator (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) as Natural Enemies of the Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Cultivated Maize in Chiapas, Mexico

Detoxifying Enzyme Profile and Total Body Lipid Content of Selected Lepidopteran Pests of Tea Plantations of Assam, India

Relationship Between Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Population Density and Three of Its Natural Enemies in Commercial Lemon Orchards in Mexico¹

A Review of the Host Plant Records of Phthorimaea absoluta (=Tuta absoluta) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)¹

Carabidae (Coleoptera: Harpalinae: Harpalini: Harpalina) from an Upper Cretaceous Rock Deposit at Orapa Diamond Mine in Botswana¹

Chemical Mechanism of Exogenous Jasmonic Acid-Induced Resistance in Rose Against Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)¹

Interference with Fatty Acyl-CoA Reductase Reduces Wax Secretion and Influences the Development of Male Ericerus pela (Hemiptera: Coccoidae) Nymphs¹