There are more than 7,800 species of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Ben-Dov et al. (2019) have provided a recent summary of information on scale insects representing 49 taxonomic families. We conducted the study reported herein for the purpose of identifying the scale insect species in various park and garden areas of Diyarbakir Province in Turkey. A secondary objective was to determine the distribution, host plant species, and possible damage of those species identified.

Materials and Methods

Sampling sites were randomly selected from various parks and gardens in the districts of Bağlar, Kayapınar, Sur, and Yenişehir of Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. Each site was sampled weekly during the spring and autumn seasons and monthly during the summer and winter seasons of 2016 and 2017. During each sampling, the foliage, branches, trunks, and roots of plants were examined for scale insects. Those plant structures with scale insects were removed, placed in paper bags, properly labeled, and transported to the laboratory.

Once in the laboratory, insects were prepared for examination and identification using the Wilkey preparation method described by Kosztarab and Kozar (1988) with some modifications when necessary. Live specimens were placed in 70% ethyl alcohol for 2 h prior to emersion in 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) for 10–15 min at 150–200°C. Nonliving specimens were placed directly in the 10% KOH. To assist in the clearing process, scales were pierced with an insect needle and gently pressed with a spatula to force fluids from within the scales. This was repeated until individual specimens were transparent, after which they were transferred to 70% ethyl alcohol for 10–15 min. Specimens were then immersed in Essing's Aphid Liquid containing a dye and heated for 20–30 min at 40–45°C, after which they were placed in 70% ethyl alcohol for 10 min, then in clove oil for 10–15 min. Finally, specimens were transferred to a drop of Canadian balsam on drop slides under a binocular microscope and covered with a coverslip. These were allowed to dry for 2 wk at 40°C, then transparent nail polish was applied to the edges of the coverslip.

Specimens were identified and verified by M. Bora Kaydan of Çukurova University, İmamoğlu Vocational School (Adana, İmamoğlu). Representative samples of each species identified are deposited at Çukurova University, İmamoğlu Vocational School (Adana, İmamoğlu).

Results

Sampling these various garden and park sites in the Diyarbakır districts in 2016–2017 yielded 10 species representing four taxonomic families of the superfamily Coccoidea. A listing of those species along with information on date and locale of collection and host plants follows herein.

Family Coccoidae (3 species)

Didesmococcus unifasciatus (Archangelskaya). This species is previously reported from Afghanistan, Armenia, China, Iran, Lebanon, Mongolia, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan (Kaydan et al. 2009, Kazem 1985) on host plants Amygdalus sp., Amygdalus communis L., Amygdalus nana L., Amygdalus pedunculata Pallas, Armeniaca sp., Ficus carica L., Malus domestica Borkhausen, Persica concolor Miller, Persica vulgaris Miller, Prunus sp., Prunus dulcis (Miller), Prunus prostrata Labillardière, and Ulmus sp. (Ben-Dov et al. 2009). In Turkey, it is previously reported in Hakkâri and Diyarbakır provinces (Bolu 2012; Kaydan et al. 2009, 2013) on host plants Prunus persica (L.) (Kaydan et al. 2009) and Amygdalus communis (Bolu 2012). Our collections in our current study in Diyarbakir yielded the following from the Sur district:

• 11 May 2016 on Prunus persica (3♀♀) (N 37°55′44″, E 40°15′64″, 737 m),

• 21 May 2017 on Amygdalus communis (2♀♀) (N 38°09′08″, E 40°32′96″, 984 m),

• 06 May 2017 on Prunus persica (3♀♀) (N 37°53′76″ E, 40°16′48″, 732 m), and

• 07 March 2017 on Amygdalus communis (2♀♀) (N 37°55′56″ E 40°16′98″, 735 m).

Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché). This species is widely distributed in the world with reports from New Zealand, the United States of America, Canada, Mexico (Nearctic), Argentina, northern Africa, Brazil, Chile (neotropical), China, France, Pakistan (Oriental), Germany, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Armenia, Algeria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Eastern Mediterranean, France, South Korea, Georgia, Netherlands, India, United Kingdom, Iran, Israel, Switzerland, Spain, Italy, Japan, Canary Islands, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Libya, Lebanon, Hungary, Moldova, Malta, Egypt, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Yugoslavia, and Greece (Palaearctic) (Demirözer 2004, Kaydan et al. 2009, Önder et al. 2011). In Turkey it is previously reported from Ağrı, Ankara, Afyon, Artvin, Bartın, Bayburt, Bolu, Bitlis, Burdur, Çankırı, Diyarbakır, Denizli, Elazığ, Erzurum, Erzincan, Giresun, Hakkâri, Iğdır, Isparta, İzmir, İstanbul, İzmit, Kastamonu, Kahramanmaraş, Niğde, Ordu, Rize, Samsun, Trabzon, Van, and Zonguldak (Ayaz et al. 2015; Çanakçıoğlu 1977; Demirözer 2004; Gül-Zümreoğlu 1972; Kaydan et al. 2007, 2009, 2013, 2014; Önder et al. 2011; Ülgentürk et al. 2008). Previously reported host plants include Quercus sp., Prunus sp., Prunus domestica L., Prunus cerasus L., Pyrus malus L., Ulmus sp., Morus sp., Mespilus germenica L., Vitis vitifoli L., Cydonia oblonga Miller, Juglans regia L., Corylus sp. (Toros 2002); Acer negundo L., Albizzia julibrissia Durazzini, Cercis siliquastrum L., Cornus sp., Crateagus sp., Crylus avellana L., Cydonia oblonga Miller, Eleagnus angustifolia L., Fraxinus excelsior L., Malus floribunda L., Phylleria sp., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Viburnum tinus L. (Ülgentürk et al. 2008); Acer negundo, Fraxinus excelsior L., Juglans regia, Morus sp., M. alba L., Malus communis L., Platanus orientalis L., Platanus armeniaca L., Prunus avium L., Prunus domestica, Prunus dulcis, Prunus spinose L., Pyrus communis L., Rhus sp., Robinia pseudoacacia, Salix sp., Ulmus sp.,Ulmus glabra, Vitis vinifera (Kaydan et al. 2009); Elaeganus sp., Morus alba, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus persicae, Robinia pseudoacacia, Vitis vinifera, (Kaydan et al. 2013); Prunus sp., and Morus alba (Kaydan et al. 2014). Our collections in our current study in Diyarbakir yielded the following:

• Sur District

• 05 April 2016 on Amygdalus communis (1♀) (N 37°55′32″, E 40°16′08″, 744 m),

• 19 April 2016 on Acer sp. (3♀♀) (N 37°55′32″, E 40°16′08″, 744 m),

• 24 April 2016 on Prunus armeniaca (3♀♀) (N 38°09′52″, E 40°32′72″, 984 m),

• 24 April 2016 on Prunus domestica (1♀) (N 37°56′28″, E 40°12′72″, 741 m),

• 24 April 2016 on Acer sp. (2♀♀) (N 37°56′28″, E 40°12′72″, 741 m),

• 24 April 2016 on Morus sp. (3 ♀♀) (N 37°56′28″, E 40°12′72″, 741 m),

• 24 April 2016 on Juglans regia (3♀♀) (N 37°56′28″, E 40°12′72″, 741 m),

• 24 April 2016 on Cydonia oblonga (2♀♀) (N 37°56′28″, E 40°12′72″, 741 m),

• 26 April 2016 on Platanus orientalis (3♀♀) (N37°53′88″, E 40°16′48″, 732 m),

• 04 May 2016 on Pyracantha coccinea M. Roemer (3♀♀) (N 37°53′88″ E 40°16′48″, 732 m),

• 04 May 2016 on Gleditsia triacanthos L. (3♀♀) (N 37°53′88″, E 40°16′48″, 732 m),

• 04 May 2016 on Tilia sp. (3♀♀) (N 37°53′16″, E 40°16′84″, 732 m),

• 04 May 2016 on Robinia pseudoacacia (2♀♀) (N 37°53′88″, E 40°16′48″, 732 m), and

• 27 May 2016 on Rosa sp. (1♀) (N 37°53′16″, E 40°16′84″, 732 m);

• Bağlar District

• 06 April 2016 on Prunus cerasifera Ehrhart (1♀) (N 37°55′76″, E 40°11′24″, 743 m),

• 18 May 2016 on Thuja occidentalis L. (3♀♀) (N 37°55′64″, E 40°11′36″, 743 m),

• 18 May 2016 on Acer sp. (3♀♀) (N 37°55′76″, E 40°11′24″, 743 m);

• Kayapınar District

• 01 May 2016 on Vitis vinifera L. (3♀♀) (N 37°56′04″, E 40°11′42″, 745 m),

• 18 May 2016 on Ulmus sp. (1♀) (N 37°57′36″, E 39°55′94″, 790 m),

• 18 May 2016 on Morus sp. (3♀♀) (N 37°57′36″, E 39°55′94″, 790 m),

• 18 May 2016 on Prunus domestica (3♀♀) (N 37°57′36″, E 39°55′94″, 790 m),

• 18 May 2016 on Prunus cerasifera (1♀♀) (N 37°53′88″, E 40°16′48″, 732 m), and

• 05 October 2016 on Prunus cerasifera (3♀♀) (N 37°55′04″, E 40°10′12″, 743 m);

• Yenişehir District

• 06 March 2016 on Acer sp. (3♀♀) (N 37°54′96″, E 40°13′86″, 738 m),

• 06 April 2016 on Morus sp. (3♀♀) (N 37°54′96″, E 40°13′76″, 738 m),

• 13 May 2016 on Acer sp. (3♀♀) (N 37°56′68″, E 40°12′72″, 743 m),

• 13 May 2016 on Cercis siliquastrum L. (3♀♀) (N 37°56′28″, E 40°12′72″, 741 m),

• 13 May 2016 on Platanus orientalis (3♀♀) (N 37°56′28″, E 40°12′72″, 741 m),

• 13 May 2016 on Pyracantha coccinea (3♀♀) (N 37°56′28″, E 40°12′72″, 741 m),

• 13 May 2016 on Morus sp. (3♀♀) (N 37°56′28″, E 40°12′72″, 741 m),

• 13 May 2016 on Cydonia oblonga (2♀♀) (N 37°56′28″, E 40°12′72″, 743 m),

• 13 May 2016 on Fraxinus sp. (3♀♀) (N 37°56′28″, E 40°12′72″, 741 m), and

• 05 June 2016 on Acer sp. (3♀♀) (N 37°54′96″, E 40°13′76″, 738 m).

Sphaerolecanium prunastri (Boyer de Fonscolombe). This species is reported from Austria, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, China, France, Germany, Iran, Israel, Italy, Turkey, Poland, Russia, Romania, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Crimea, Lebanon, Moldova, Ukraine, Yugoslavia, Greece, and the United States (Kosztarab and Kozar 1988, Lodos 1986). In Turkey, it is found in Afyon, Ankara, Antalya, Aydın, Balıkesir, Bilecik, Bolu, Bursa, Diyarbakır, Elazığ, Edirne, İstanbul, İzmir, Kastamonu, Kırklareli, Kocaeli, Konya, Malatya, Sakarya, and Tekirdağ (Akşit and Apak 2013; Ayaz et al. 2015; Gül-Zümreoğlu 1972; Kaydan et al. 2013, 2014; Öncüer 1977; Özgen and Bolu 2009; Toros 2002; Ülgentürk et al. 2008). Previously reported host plants include Prunus armenica, Prunus domestica, Prunus persicae (Toros 2002), Prunus domestica, Prunus ceracifera var. pissardi nigra, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus cerasifera (Ülgentürk et al. 2008); Prunus armeniaca (Özgen and Bolu 2009); Prunus avium, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus cerasus, Prunus cerasifera, Prunus domestica, Prunus persica, Prunus. spinosa (Kaydan et al. 2009); Prunus cerasifera (Akşit and Apak 2013); and Prunus domestica (Kaydan et al. 2014). Our current study in Diyarbakir yielded only one collection of two specimens:

• Sur District

• 26 April 2016 on Prunus cerasifera (2♀♀) (N 37°53′16″, E 40°16′84″, 732 m).

Family Diaspididae (5 species)

Leucaspis pusilla Löw. This species is reported from northern Africa, Argentina, Europe, Austria, Balearic, Bulgaria, France, Spain, Israel, Switzerland, Canary Islands, Cyprus, Crimea, Corsica, Hungary, Madeira Island, Malta, Russia, Portugal, Romania, Sardinia, Sicily, Syria, Turkey, and Greece (Kaydan et al. 2014, Önder et al. 2011, Toros 2002, Yaşar 1995). In Turkey, it is reported from Adana, Adapazarı, Ankara, Antakya, Antalya Aydın, Balıkesir, Bartın, Bilecik, Burdur, Bursa, Çanakkale, Denizli, Edirne, Hatay, Isparta, İstanbul, İzmir, İzmit, Kahramanmaraş, Karabük, Kastamonu, Kocaeli, Manisa, Muğla, Niğde, Osmaniye, Sakarya, Trabzon, Tekirdağ, Toroslar, and Zonguldak (Çanakçıoğlu 1977; Erdem 1968; Gül-Zümreoğlu 1972; Kaydan et al. 2014; Kaymak and Yaşar 2017; Önder et al. 2011; Toros 2002; Ülgentürk et al. 2008, 2012; Yaşar 2016; Yaşar and Küçükçakal 2013). Previously reported host plants include Cedrus spp., Pinus spp., Pinus brutia Tenore (Yaşar 1995); Pinus nigra Arnold, Sophora japonica, Morus sp. (Ülgentürk and Toros 2000); Pinus sp., Pinus nigra (Toros 2002, Ülgentürk et al. 2008); Cedrus spp., Pinus sp., Pinus brutia, Pinus halepensis Miller, Pinus pinea L. (Kaydan et al. 2013); Pinus nigra (Kaydan et al. 2014, Kaymak and Yaşar 2017). Our survey yielded the following collections of L. pusilla by district in Diyarbakır:

• Sur District

• 06 April 2016 on Pinus brutia (2♀♀) (N 37°53′34″, E 40°16′78″, 732 m),

• 05 May 2016 on Pinus brutia (8♀♀) (N 37°53′34″, E 40°16′78″, 732 m), and

• 09 May 2017 on Pinus brutia (2♀♀) (N 37°53′04″, E 40°16′76″, 732 m;

• Kayapınar District

• 02 April 2016 on Pinus brutia (4♀♀) (N 37°55′32″, E 40°9′92″, 744 m);

• Yenişehir District

• 05 June 2017 on Pinus brutia (2♀♀) (N 37°56′28″, E 40°12′72″, 741 m).

Mercetaspis halli Green. Mercetaspis halli is reported from the United States, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Crete, Georgia, Croatia, Iraq, Iran, Israel, Cyprus, Hungary, Egypt, Central Asia, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, and Greece (Kaydan et al. 2009, Önder et al. 2011). In Turkey, it has been reported from Adana, Ankara, Antalya, Aydın, Bitlis, Diyarbakır, Eskişehir, Elazığ, Gaziantep, Hakkâri, Iğdır, İçel, İzmir, Mardin, Mersin, Muğla, Malatya, Niğde, and Van (Ayaz et al. 2015; Bolu et al. 2006; Çobanoğlu and Düzgüneş 1986; Erler 2004; Gül-Zümreoğlu 1972; Karsavuran et al. 2001; Kaydan et al. 2007, 2009; Önder et al. 2011; Yaşar 1995, 2016). Previously reported host plants include Astragalus spp., Ephedra spp., Prunus armeniaca, Prunus dulcis, Pistacia terebinthus L. (Yaşar 1995), Prunus armeniaca, Prunus domestica, Prunus dulcis, Prunus persica (Kaydan et al. 2009), and Prunus armeniaca and Prunus domestica (Kaydan et al. 2013). Our collections in our current study in Diyarbakir yielded the following:

• Sur District

• 05 April 2016 on Amygdalus communis (3♀♀) (N 37°55′32″, E 40°16′08″, 734 m),

• 19 April 2016 on Amygdalus communis (2♀♀) (N 37°53′08″, E 40°16′24, 734 m),

• 18 May 2016 on Prunus cerasifera (4♀♀) (N 37°55′32″, E 40°16′08″, 734 m), and

• 18 May 2016 on Prunus cerasifera (3♀♀) (N 37°55′32″, E 40°18′08″, 734 m);

• Bağlar District

• 06 April 2016 on Prunus cerasifera (3♀♀) (N 37°55′76″, E 40°11′24″, 743 m) and

• 18 May 2016 on Prunus cerasifera (3♀♀) (N 37°55′64″, E 40°11′36″, 743 m).

Salicicola kermanensis Lindinger. Salicicola kermanensis is reported from Afghanistan, Armenia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Morocco, Pakistan, Egypt, Russia, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Yugoslavia, and Greece (Erler and Tunç 1996, Kaydan et al. 2009, Kozár 1998, Önder et al. 2011, Zeki et al. 2004). In Turkey, it is reported from Adana, Ankara, Antakya, Antalya, Ağrı, Afyon, Bitlis, Burdur, Hakkâri, Iğdır, Şanlıurfa, and Van (Erdem 1968; Erler and Tunç 1996, Kaydan et al. 2009; Önder et al. 2011; Toros 2002; Yaşar 1995, 2016; Zeki et al. 2004). Previously reported host plants include Populus spp., Populus alba L., Pistacia vera L. (Yaşar 1995); Fraxinus sp., Populus sp. (Toros 2002); Populus sp., Prunus nigra, and Salix alba L. (Kaydan et al. 2013). Our study in Diyarbakir yielded two collections of specimens in the Sur district, which represent the first reports of this species in the province:

• 02 April 2016 on Salix sp. (4♀♀) (N 38°9′08″, E 40°32′96″, 984 m) and

• 13 April 2016 on Salix sp. (4♀♀) (N 37°55′32″, E 40°16′08″, 744 m).

Parlatoria oleae Colvée. This diaspidid has been reported from Afghanistan, Australia, Germany, Belgium, Bulgaria, China, Morocco, France, South Asia, Iraq, Iran, Spain, Italy, Israel, Canary Islands, Malta, Hungary, Egypt, Portugal, Romania, Tunisia, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Yugoslavia, and Russia (Kozár 1998). In Turkey, it is reported from Adana, Antalya, Aydın, Ankara, Artvin, Balıkesir, Bartın, Bilecik, Bitlis, Bolu, Burdur, Bursa, Çanakkale, Denizli, Diyarbakır, Eskişehir, Elazığ, Erzincan, Edirne, Gaziantep, Hakkâri, Hatay, Isparta, Iğdır, İstanbul, İzmir, İçel, Kahramanmaraş, Kastamonu, Kayseri, Kırklareli, Manisa, Mersin, Muğla, Osmaniye, Sakarya, Sinop, Tekirdağ, Trabzon, and Van (Ayaz et al. 2015; Çanakçıoğlu 1977; Erler 1994, 2004; Erözmez and Yaşar 2017; Gül-Zümreoğlu 1972; Kaçar et al. 2012; Kaydan et al. 2009, 2014; Kaymak and Yaşar 2017; Nizamlıoğlu 1963; Öncüer 1977; Toros 2002; Ülgentürk et al. 2008; Yaşar and Küçükçakal 2013; Yaşar 2016; Yaşar et al. 2003; Zeki et al. 2004). Previously reported host plants include Acer negundo, Berberis thunbergii var. atropurpurea, Catalpa bignonoides Walter, Chlorophytum comosum Thunberg, Eriabotria spp., Elaeagnus umbellata Thunberg, Olea europea L., Fraxinus spp., Malus sylvestris (L), Mespilus germenica, Nerium oleander L., Prunus armeniaca, Prunus avium, Prunus domestica, Prunus dulcis, Prunus persica, Prunus laurocerasus L., Prunus ceracifera var. atropurpurea, Pistacia terebinthus, Pyrus communis, Pyrus elaeagrifoliae Pallas, Rosa spp., Syringa vulgaris L., Pyracantha coccinea, Ligustrum vulgare L., Nandina domestica Thunberg, Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt., Melia azedarach L. (Yaşar 1995); Fraxinus sp. (Toros 2002); Celtis sp., Cornus sanguinea L., Prunus persica (Yaşar et al. 2003); Prunus cerasifera, Prunus domestica, Pyrus communis, Syringa vulgaris, Malus communis, Fraxinus sp., F. Excelsior L., Rosa sp. (Kaydan et al. 2009); Morus alba, Morus domestica, Morus pendula Fosberg (Ülgentürk et al. 2008); Oleae europa (Kaçar et al. 2012); Eriobotrya sp, Fraxinus sp., Rosa sp., Malus sylvestris, Prunus spp., Syringa vulgaris (Kaydan et al. 2013); Rosa sp., Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planchon (Yaşar and Küçükçakal 2013); Malus domestica, Robinia pseudoacacia (Kaydan et al. 2014); Nerium oleander, Pyracantha coccinea, Pinus nigra, Cotoneaster franchetii Bois, Vibirnum tinus, Yucca filamentosa L., and Elaeagnus pungens Thunberg (Kaymak and Yaşar 2017). We collected specimens of this species on two dates and locations, both from Sur District of Diyarbakır:

• 21 July 2017 on Prunus domestica (4♀♀) (N 37°53′16″, E 40°16′84″, 732 m) and

• 21 July 2017 on Rosa sp. (3♀♀) (N 37°53′76″, E 40°16′52″, 732 m).

Pseudaulacaspis pentagona Targiona-Tozzetti. This species is previously reported from Germany, Argentina, Austria, Brazil, Bulgaria, China, Czech Republic, France, Croatia, Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland, Sweden, Italy, Canary Islands, Hungary, Madeira, Malaysia, Malya, Norway, Poland, Romania, Sardinia, Sicily, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sri Lanka, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, Russia, Greece, and Yugoslavia (Kozár 1998, Önder et al. 2011). In Turkey, it is reported from Adana, Ankara, Antalya, Akşehir, Aydın, Balıkesir, Bilecik, Bartın, Bursa, Çorum, Eskişehir, Giresun, Hatay, İçel, İstanbul, İzmir, Sultandağ, Kayseri, Kastamonu, Kocaeli, Manisa, Mersin, Ordu, Samsun, Sakarya, Sivas, Rize, Trabzon, and Tekirdağ (Çanakçıolu 1977; Çobanoğlu and Düzgüneş 1986; Erler 1994; Erler and Tunç 1996; Erözmen and Yaşar 2017; Güncan and Yoldaş 2011; Karsavuran et al. 2001; Kaydan et al. 2007, 2014; Kaymak and Yaşar 2017; Kozár et al. 1979; Nizamlıoğlu 1963; Önder et al. 2011; Toros 2002; Ülgentürk et al. 2008, 2009; Yaşar 2016; Yaşar et al. 1995). Previously reported host plants include Mespilus germenica, Morus alba, Prunus avium, Prunus dulcis, Prunus persica, Catalpa bignonoides, Melia azedarach, Sophora japanica (L.), Erithrina crista-galli L., Robinia pseudoacacia, Syringa vulgaris (Yaşar 1995); Cedrus libani A. Richard, Juniperus sabina var. tamaricifolia, Sophora japonica, Catalpa sp. Morus sp., Populus sp., Syringa vulgaris (Ülgentürk and Toros 2000); Morus sp., Juglans regia, Vitis vinifera (Toros 2002); Morus alba, Prunus domestica (Ülgentürk et al. 2008); Actinidia deliciosa var. Bruno (Ülgentürk et al. 2009); Rosa sp., Syringa sp., Fraxinus excelsior, Morus alba, Prunus sp. (Kaydan et al. 2014); Juglans regia, Morus alba, Prunus avium, Prunus persica, and Cydonia oblonga (Erözmez and Yaşar 2017). Our collections of P. pentagona in the Sur district are the first reports of this species in Diyarbakır Province:

• 26 April 2016 on Prunus cerasifera (5♀♀) (N 37°53′16″, E 40°16′84″, 732 m) and

• 26 April 2016 on Rosa sp. (10♀♀) (N 37°53′64″, E 40°16′12″, 732 m).

Family Pseudococcidae (1 species)

Planococcus vovae Nasonov. Planococcus vovae is distributed in neotropical, Nearctic, and Palaearctic regions, and in Afghanistan, Germany, Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Morocco, France, Armenia, Georgia, Crete, Iran, Sweden, Israel, Italy, England, Canary Islands, Cyprus, Corsica, Hungary, Poland, Russia, Sardinia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Ukraine, and Greece (Kosztarab and Kozar 1988). In Turkey, it is reported from the Marmara region, Central Anatolia, the Black Sea and Mediterranean region, Bartın, Burdur, Kastamonu, Isparta, and Istanbul (Çanakçıoğlu 1977, Kaydan et al. 2014, Ülgentürk et al. 2008, Zeki et al. 2004). Previously reported host plants include Cupressus sp., Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus, Juniperus sp. (Kaydan et al. 2009); Juniperus squamata var. bluecarpet, Chamecyparia lawsonia var. elwadi, Cupressus macrocarpa Hartweg (Ülgentürk et al. 2008); Cupressus sp., Cupressus sempervirens L., Cupressus goveniana (Gordon), Juniperis excelsa M. Bieberstein, Juniperus oxycedrus oxycedrus, Laurus nobilis L., Libocetrus decurrens (Torrey), Taxus baccata L., Thuja occidentalis (Kaydan et al. 2013); Juniperus communis L., Laurus nobilis, Thuja sp. (Kaydan et al. 2014); Olea europea, Malus domestica, and Prunus cerasus L. (Erözmen and Yaşar 2017). We collected it in Diyarbakir as the first record of the occurrence of this species in the province:

• Sur District

• 11 August 2016 on Cupressus sp. (3♀♀) (N 37°53′34″, E 40°16′78″, 732 m),

• 07 September 2016 on Cupressus sp. (4♀♀) (N 37°55′44″, E 40°15′64″, 737 m),

• 07 September 2016 on Cupressus sp. (2♀♀) (N 37°54′64″, E 40°16′64″, 735 m), and

• 03 September 2017 on Morus sp. (2♀♀) (N 37°54′79″, E 40°13′32″, 740 m);

• Bağlar District

• 18 May 2016 on Thuja occidentalis (1 ♀♀) (N 37°55′96″, E 40°11′72″, 743 m),

• 09 July 2016 on Morus sp. (N 37°55′48″, E 40°11′12″, 743 m);

• Yenişehir District

• 02 June 2016 on Pinus sp. (4♀♀) (N 37°55′96″, E 40°13′76″, 02.06.2016, 739 m),

• 09 July 2017 on Morus sp. (2♀♀) (N 37°54′84″, E 40°13′72″, 740 m),

• 13 July 2017 on Morus sp. (3♀♀) (N 37°55′11″, E 40°13′44″, 740 m),

• 15 July 2017 on Morus sp. (2♀♀) (N 37°54′04″, E 40°13′44″, 741 m),

• 15 July 2017 on Thuja occidentalis (4♀♀) (N 37°54′04″, E 40°13′44″, 741 m),

• 15 July 2017 on Morus sp. (5♀♀) (N 37°54′96″, E 40°13′88″, 740 m),

• 16 July 2017 on Morus sp. (2♀♀) (N 37°55′44″, E 40°13′88″, 740 m),

• 16 July 2017 on Morus sp. (N 37°55′16″, E 40°13′84″, 739 m),

• 16 July 2017 on Morus sp. (4♀♀) (N 37°55′84″, E 40°13′12″),

• 18 July 2017 on Morus sp. (3♀♀) (N 37°54′48″, E 40°13′24″),

• 12 August 2017 on Morus sp. (2♀♀) (N 37°54′92″, E 40°13′58″, 740 m), and

• 12 August 2017 on Platanus orientalis (2♀♀) (N 37°54′92″, E 40°13′58″, 740 m);

• Kayapınar District

• 13 August 2017 on Thuja occidentalis (4♀♀) (N 37°56′54″, E 40°10′32″, 740 m.

Family Eriococcidae (1 species)

Gossyparia spuria Modeer. This species is reported from all over Europe, Morocco, the Caucasus, Turkey, Iran, Japan, North America, and Turkey (Lodos 1986). In Turkey, it is reported from the Mediterranean region, Central Anatolia region, Ağrı, Ankara, Bitlis, Eskişehir, Iğdır, Istanbul, Kastamonu, Niğde, and Van (Karsavuran et al. 2001, Kaydan et al. 2009, Önder et al. 2011). Reported host plants include Ulmus sp., Viscum album L. (Toros 2002); woodland, grassland, and scrubland (Önder et al. 2011); and Ulmus sp. (Kaydan et al. 2009, 2013). Our collection of G. spuria in Kayapinar District is the first report of this species in Diyarbakır Province:

• 10 May 2016 on Ulmus sp. (5♀♀) (N 37°55′64″, E:40°10′32″, 740 m) and

• 18 May 2016 on Ulmus sp. (5♀♀) (N 37°57′36″, E 39°55′94″, 790 m).

Discussion

Our survey for Coccoidea scale insects in parks and gardens of the Bağlar, Kayapınar, Yenişehir and Sur districts of Diyarbakır Province in Turkey yielded 10 species representing 4 taxonomic families, (e.g., 5 species of Diaspididae, 3 species of Coccidae, 1 species each of Pseudococcidae and Eriococcoidae). Of these 10 species, 5 are new records for the insect fauna of Diyarbakır Province. Those species include Leucaspis pusilla (Diaspididae), Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Diaspididae), Salicicola kermanensis (Diaspididae), Planococcus vovae (Pseudococcidae), and Gossyparia spuria (Eriococcidae). Our efforts also discovered Thuja occidentalis as a new record of a host plant for Parthenolecanium corni, Prunus cerasifera for Mercetaspis halli, and Morus sp. and Platanus orientalis for Planococcus vovae. Furthermore, we found Parthenolecanium corni to be common and often highly dense on a variety of host plants. Leucaspis pusilla preferred pine tree hosts in all the districts, while Planococcus vovae occurred widely and in high populations on mulberry (Morus sp.).